no Foundation for Economic Education, via Cafe Hayek:
What is an export? What is an import? These words are defined in reference to political boundaries of only one kind: national boundaries. If there were no such boundaries, there would be no exports or imports. But political boundaries are just that. They are not economic boundaries. ....
.... the very concepts imports and exports are founded on an arbitrary construct that has little practical consequence for people's economic activities. .... I used to ask what would happen to the trade deficit if Japan were made the 51st state. Obviously, the deficit would have disappeared because we don't reckon trade imbalances between states. ....
In reality .... there are no imports and exports. There is only what I make and what everyone else makes. Few people would want to live just on what they themselves could make. ....
.... if free trade (read: division of labor) is good, then the bigger the free-trade area the better. Globalization should be the worldwide removal of all barriers to the exchange of goods and services -- rather than trade managed through state capitalism and multinational bureaucracies. Unilateral, unconditional free trade is the smartest policy.
[ título: citação de Adam Smith ]
o problema não é só político: o problema é que havendo moedas diferentes torna-se num problema também económico em virtude da procura e oferta dessas moedas ser claramente um fenómeno económico/monetário
ResponderEliminarSó é um problema para quem quer ter políticas monetárias intervencionistas. Para o consumidor, é perfeitamente indiferente.
ResponderEliminarO Adam Smith, como quase sempre, tem de facto toda a razão.
ResponderEliminarNo entanto, não tenho a mais pequena dúvida de que o Adam Smith se sentiria revoltado e enojado com os direitos que são concedidos a corporações na sua condição de entidade legal com uma certa personalidade jurídica, e que são simplesmente negados ao indivíduo.